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标题：Wildlife被动声学记录器论文：森林景观的声学多样性：与栖息地结构和人为压力的关系
Abstract
Understanding how human-dominated landscapes affect biodiversity and ecosystems is essential for effective conservation planning. This work aims to understand the relationship between the acoustic diversity of forested landscapes, and descriptors of habitat structure, composition, and anthropogenic pressure, as well as to identify the characteristic scale at which acoustic community diversity relates to those metrics in central Massachusetts.
Ten passive acoustic recorders were placed within forest areas in central Massachusetts, during the breeding season. Mono audio recordings were collected during the dawn chorus. The relationship between acoustic indices (AI), and core habitat quality, connectivity, vegetation productivity, percent tree cover, human edge, artificial illumination, and traffic noise were assessed.
Significant relationships were found between AI and variables related to habitat structure and human pressure. Sounds related to biota (biophony) and acoustic complexity were positively correlated with core habitat quality, connectivity, and vegetation while negatively correlated with human pressure variables, including nighttime lights, traffic noise, and human edge. AI can therefore act as successful indicators of habitat quality in highly modified landscapes The highest correlations were found at buffers between 1.5 and 3 Km. This response of AI to the broad spatial context and not to the local site characteristics indicate that they can act as robust landscape-scale indicators.
The large characteristic scale indicates that urban planning should consider potential impacts acting at scales beyond site planning. Moreover, conservation planning can benefit from managing the context matrix to support biodiversity, particularly traffic noise and artificial illumination reduction initiatives.
摘要：
了解人类主导的景观如何影响生物多样性和生态系统对于有效的保护规划至关重要。这项工作旨在了解森林景观的声学多样性与栖息地结构、组成和人为压力的描述符之间的关系，并确定声学群落多样性与马萨诸塞州中部这些指标相关的特征尺度。
在繁殖季节，在马萨诸塞州中部的森林地区放置了10台被动录音机。黎明合唱时收集了单声道录音。评估了声学指数（AI）与核心栖息地质量、连通性、植被生产力、树木覆盖率、人类边缘、人工照明和交通噪声之间的关系。
人工智能与栖息地结构和人类压力相关变量之间存在显著关系。与生物群（生物声学）和声学复杂性相关的声音与核心栖息地质量、连通性和植被呈正相关，与人类压力变量呈负相关，包括夜间灯光、交通噪音和人类边缘。因此，人工智能可以作为高度修饰景观中栖息地质量的成功指标。在1.5至3公里的缓冲区发现了最高的相关性。人工智能对广泛的空间背景而不是当地场地特征的反应表明，它们可以作为稳健的景观尺度指标。
大的特征尺度表明，城市规划应考虑在场地规划之外的尺度上可能产生的影响。此外，保护规划可以从管理背景矩阵中受益，以支持生物多样性，特别是交通噪音和人工照明减少举措。
关键词：Wildlife被动声学记录器，声学追踪监测，野生动物声学监测，声学分析软件，野外声学记录
