Heart Rate Monitoring During Behavioral Stress Tests in Bold and Shy Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
大胆害羞的彩虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）行为压力测试期间的心率监测
by Eleftherios Kasiouras, Gautier Riberolles, Albin Gräns, Andreas Ekström, Johan Höjesjö, Jonathan A. C. Roques, Erik Sandblom and Lynne U. Sneddon
Abstract
Monitoring stress in captive fish is crucial for their welfare, but continuous physiological measures in unrestrained animals are challenging. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exhibit divergent personalities, ranging from bold to shy, which correlate with cortisol-mediated stress responses. To determine whether personality affects the sympathetic nervous system, heart rate was measured during three potentially stressful events as a proxy for sympathetic nervous system responses. Firstly, trout were classified as bold or shy, using a novel object test. Subsequently, trout were implanted with biologgers to record heart rate in vivo at rest during and after the behavioral tests. Following recovery, the fish underwent a second novel object test, a confinement test, a pair-wise contest, and a final novel object test to explore the degree of boldness over the experimental period, which remained consistent. Heart rate was relatively higher in both bold and shy animals during the confinement test and the pair-wise contest compared with the novel object test, which indicated that heart rate monitoring was a valid gauge of the valence of the experience. Heart rate responses did not differ between bold and shy trout, indicating that behavioral phenotype did not influence the autonomic stress response. Thus, heart rate is a reliable indicator of stress without the need to account for intra-specific behavioral variations.
Keywords: animal personality; behavior; biologgers; rainbow trout; heart rate; stress physiology; welfare
Key Contribution: Heart rate is a robust indicator of stress independent of rainbow trout’s behavioral phenotype. Biologgers can be used to gauge how stressful a behavioral test or captive situation may be.
摘要
监测圈养鱼类的压力对它们的福利至关重要，但对不受约束的动物进行持续的生理测量是具有挑战性的。虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）表现出不同的性格，从大胆到害羞，这与皮质醇介导的压力反应有关。为了确定人格是否影响交感神经系统，在三个潜在的压力事件中测量了心率，作为交感神经系统反应的指标。首先，使用新颖的对象测试将鳟鱼分为大胆或害羞。随后，在行为测试期间和之后，将鳟鱼植入生物记录仪，记录休息时的体内心率。恢复后，这条鱼接受了第二次新物体测试、禁闭测试、配对比赛和最后一次新物体检测，以探索实验期间的大胆程度，这些测试保持一致。与新对象测试相比，在禁闭测试和成对比赛中，大胆和害羞的动物的心率相对较高，这表明心率监测是评估这种体验价值的有效指标。大胆和害羞的鳟鱼的心率反应没有差异，表明行为表型不影响自主应激反应。因此，心率是压力的可靠指标，无需考虑特定个体内的行为变化。
关键词：Star-Oddi DST milli-HRT生物记录器，动物心率温度记录器；行为；生物记录仪；虹鳟；心率；应激生理学；福利
关键贡献：心率是一个与虹鳟鱼的行为表型无关的强有力的压力指标。生物记录器可用于衡量行为测试或圈养情况可能带来的压力。
