SM2BAT+在基于证据的蝙蝠活动生态评估调查力度确定方法中的应用
Abstract
Robust ecological assessments are fundamental for effective wildlife conservation. Owing to the high legal protection of bats, surveys are frequently required as part of ecological assessments. Yet there is uncertainty about the amount of survey effort that should be deployed to facilitate bat protection. Bat activity can be extremely variable, and capturing periods of high activity can be as important as estimating parameters such as the median activity level. However the frequency and intensity of surveys required to capture the required information is unknown. Here we assessed the probability that acoustic surveys of differing durations would detect periods of high activity within a focal site and the importance of a site relative to others in a regional or national context. We randomly subsampled from 660 nights of activity data collected from 33 wind farm sites across Britain. The minimum surveying effort required to classify bat activity accurately varied between species and was dependent on weather conditions. We found that the survey periods required to give reasonable cer tainty in assessing risk exceeded those currently recommended in Europe. The approach of using bat activity accumulation curves, as described here, is transferrable to other situations where determining surveying effort and risk is necessary to ensure that ecological assessments provide a robust evidence base, whilst minimising the time and expense of surveys.
摘要：
稳健的生态评估是有效保护野生动物的基础。由于蝙蝠受到高度的法律保护，经常需要进行调查作为生态评估的一部分。然而，为促进蝙蝠保护而应投入的调查工作量尚不确定。蝙蝠活动可能变化极大，捕捉高活动期可能与估计活动水平中位数等参数同样重要。然而，获取所需信息所需的调查频率和强度尚不清楚。在这里，我们评估了不同持续时间的声学调查在焦点地点内检测到高活动期的概率，以及在区域或国家背景下，一个地点相对于其他地点的重要性。我们从英国33个风电场收集的660个晚上的活动数据中随机抽样。准确分类蝙蝠活动所需的最小调查工作量因物种而异，并取决于天气条件。我们发现，在评估风险时给予合理确定性所需的调查期超过了欧洲目前建议的调查期。如本文所述，使用蝙蝠活动累积曲线的方法可以转移到其他情况，在这些情况下，有必要确定调查工作和风险，以确保生态评估提供强有力的证据基础，同时最大限度地减少调查的时间和费用。
关键词：SM2BAT+，Wildlife Acoustics，蝙蝠监测，动物声学记录，蝙蝠活动评估，野生动物监测
